BIOTECHNOLOGY

 

Biotechnology deals with the use of living organisms and bio-processes in the field of engineering, technology, and medicine. It covers an array of subjects like genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, microbiology, immunology, and virology. It is also called a technology of the future or technology of tomorrow because of its unprecedented impact on mankind. Over the past 3 decades, it has been progressing steadily. This suggests the long-term potential for students due to its knowledge base and human resources, is likely to become an international focal point for the growth of biotechnology. Biotechnology finds application in a number of fields, including healthcare, agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, research and development, food processing, drug designing and manufacture, and environmental conservation.

 

Though biotechnology has developed as a discipline in several academic institutions, need-based specialization is yet to blossom in the country. The developed world has initiated focused centers of activity and manpower is specially trained for the niche industry. Yet another domain which would recruit in the long run is the bio-fertilizer and bio-pesticides industry. While attempts are on to develop better formulations and cost-effective commercially viable bio-pesticides including microbial pesticides, parasitoids, and bacteria, this sector is yet to see active recruitment. At present, there is a great emphasis on developing biofuels as an alternative fuel.