NARA'S NOTEPAD
VOLUME 15
JULY 2019
NUMBER 7
Sunday, June 30, 2019
SPONSOR
Prof. S. R. K. MURTHY, Ph. D (Rtd.)
A.N.G.R.
Agricultural University
#303, Chandra’s
Lakeview Towers
Tank Bund Road,
KHAMMAM – 507 002 A P
Ph. 798 155 8026 OR 994 924 4803
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
All human beings are intelligent, but the level of
intelligence varies. Intelligence is the power of learning, understanding and
reasoning or mental ability. We had and has many intelligent people among us.
In general, most of the scientists are considered to be intelligent. In other
words all outstanding personalities receiving Nobel Prize every year are
intelligent. So intelligence is essential to invent and discover. Everyone
likes intelligent people.
Scientists collect data from experiments and interpret
and extrapolate the results to arrive at a meaningful conclusion. It is always
possible with a limited number of data. If the data collected are numerous it
becomes difficult for human intelligence to interpret and draw conclusions. For
example we all used to remember the multiplication tables. If we want to
multiply a large number with another large number we find it difficult. So we
use a calculator that is programmed to do multiplication. So we can say that a
calculator is more intelligent than us.
As we handle very complex processes in the field of
engineering, medicine, agriculture, politics, we need to go for either a
super-human intelligence – that works up to a particular limit – or beyond
human intelligence. Such intelligence has been invented by intelligent human
beings few decades ago. It is called Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI refers to
any computer program or system that can perform tasks that resembles acts of
human intelligence. It is the super-human intelligence.
Using AI one can easily play the Chinese board game
GO, that has 361 moves as compared to 20 possible moves of the game – Chess.
Similarly AI is used for driverless cars, facial recognition, image analysis,
and speech recognition. Also in health care AI is used to diagnose diseases. AI
plays a role in genetic manipulation of micro and macro organisms. There are
plenty of fields where AI can be applied for the benefit of human society.
Research in AI is in full swing in various countries.
Among them the most important are the US and China. They are dumping huge sums
of money in AI research projects. Technological companies like Google,
Microsoft, Amazon, Facebook, IBM and Apple in USA are already involved in using
AI for various purposes. Similarly Chinese companies like Baidu, Alibaba, and
Tencent are equally competing with the US companies. India is slowly learning
this wonderful technology to solve its own social, health and educational
problems. The future is in the hands of AI.
This is one side of the story of AI. On the other side
there are people who caution the persons who apply AI in various fields. AI may
be beneficial to humans if it is used carefully. Careless usage of AI will harm
the human society and may go the extent of annihilation of human race. AI has a
big role to play in war. Weapons used in war can be operated through AI. There
are terrorists in our planet. They can use AI for harming and hurting fellow
humans. We cannot forget what Stephen Hawking said. “The development of full AI could spell the end of human race.” Therefore
it is going to be a threat to human race itself. If we don’t steer carefully,
we might end up driving off a cliff.
It is a wonder that the smart phones we all use is
working with the help of AI. In other words we all are using AI day-in and
day-out. Computer games, language translations, writing books, interpretation
of complicated data-sets, solving difficult mathematical problems, recording of
heart beat, ECG, blood sugar levels, steps and distance we walked and calories
spent are some of the activities recorded by the smart phones using AI.
AI is connected to machine learning, algorithms, deep
learning. In order to learn about AI one has to read articles written in
various magazines, scientific journals and books. Some of these essays are very easy to understand. I
made an attempt to understand AI and I am happy to know about AI’s enormous capability. Our
future generation will certainly benefit from AI. - NARA
HOW TO HELP A FRIEND?
1. Remind them of all the kind and thoughtful things they’ve done for
you, and for the other people in their life.
2. Remind them of times when they’ve pushed ahead, and kept on going,
even when it was hard.
3. Remind them of the times when things worked out eventually, and their
efforts were rewarded, and they reached a personal goal.
4. Remind of the funny things they’ve said and done, and the times when
you have laughed, and shared some happy memories.
5. Show them they are worthwhile and are valuable by doing something
special that makes them feel they’re loved.
IMPROVE YOUR SOCIAL SKILLS
1. Work on remembering peoples’ names.
2. Make an effort to stay in touch with
people – even if it’s only “liking” an occasional photo on facebook, sending a
2 line email, or sending a Christmas card.
3. Develop and improve your listening
skills. This includes not interrupting when others are speaking, not trying to
control the conversation, and showing a respectful, genuine interest in the
speaker.
4. Hold the door for others, and let
others out first (in elevators, on trains and buses etc.)
5. When you’re writing an email, keep
it brief and to the point. Nobody wants to read a long, boring essay.
6. Keep your voice down when you’re
talking on your phone. No-one wants to hear your private conversations (and
especially when you’re travelling on public transport).
7. Show a genuine interest in the
passions of others. Ask lots of open questions, and find out what you can about
their hobbies and interests.
8. When someone joins a conversation
you’re involved it, include them right away, and try to bring them up to speed.
9. Don’t be a whiner or find fault with
everything. Instead, being affirming, optimistic, and try and find the
positives.
10. Be tolerant and patient with other
people, and do what you can to accept them as they are.
11. Don’t go on and on – so other
people fall asleep, begin to feel annoyed or want to run and hide from you.
TO QUOTE
Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement;
nothing can be done without hope and confidence. – Helen Keller
JUST TO LAUGH..
Three contractors are bidding to fix a broken fence at the White House.
One is from Chicago, another is from Tennessee, and the third is from
Minnesota. All three go with a White House official to examine the fence. The
Minnesota contractor takes out a tape measure and does some measuring, then
works some figures with a pencil. "Well," he says, "I figure the
job will run about $900. $400 for materials, $400 for my crew, and $100 profit
for me." The Tennessee contractor also does some measuring and figuring,
then says, "I can do this job for $700. $300 for materials, $300 for my
crew, and $100 profit for me." The Chicago contractor doesn't measure or
figure, but leans over to the White House official and whispers,
"$2,700." The official, incredulous, says, "You didn't even
measure like the other guys! How did you come up with such a high figure?"
The Chicago contractor whispers back, "$1000 for me, $1000 for you, and we
hire the guy from Tennessee to fix the fence." "Done!" replies the
government official. And that, my friends, is how the new stimulus plan will
work.
JULY 2019
11 JULY – WORLD POPULATION DAY
15 JULY – WORLD YOUTHS SKILLS DAY
30 JULY – INTERNATIONAL DAY OF FRIENDSHIP
LINES I LIKED...
v
Beliefs that are
flexible and based on common sense are often helpful.
v
Believe in yourself
and your ability to succeed at whatever you do.
v
Believe you are
smarter, and you’ll become smarter.
v
Between thinking and
seeing there is a place called knowing.
Saturday, June 1, 2019
DECISION MAKING
Decision making is one of the important activities in
everyone’s life. It may be a easy or difficult. It all depends on what our mind
or brain or heart or spirit of intuition says. Most of us are careful and
cautious in deciding on a particular issue. Every day we are all bombarded by a
number of issues and situations. So it’s our own duty to understand the issues
and try to make a positive decision.
Decision making is a delicate activity, so one has to
be necessarily careful and thoughtful. We have to see the consequences of a
particular decision after it is made. Sometimes the decision we make may be
wrong, still we need to make decisions to go ahead and progress in life. If it
is a right decision that may help us to succeed further.
In every walk of life we have to make decisions. As a
student to pass the examinations we have to make right decisions without which
we cannot pass the examinations. After passing the examinations, again we have
to choose a course in higher studies such as engineering, medicine, agriculture
of law to study and specialize further. So decision making plays an important
role in this aspect also. Entering a job and working as an employee leads to
lots of decision making activity.
Decision making is not easy, it’s very hard sometime.
At times our parents or friends or teachers may help to make a decision. In
fact decision making is easier for an experience person. One’s life experience gives confidence and will power in taking right
decisions. Many successful outcomes of our work are because of good decisions.
Weak minded people are generally afraid of taking quick decisions because of
fear. When we make decisions we have to think of the pros and cons of the
decision we make.
As a teacher, politician, an official, leader or
professional we have to take lots of decisions.
Experienced teachers treat the students very carefully by looking into
their psychology. Even if the students make mistakes the punishment will not be
harsh. Teachers know their wards have to learn from mistakes. At the same time
there are short tempered, less experienced teachers who punish the students by
beating and cursing. They do not know that their decisions will create negative
thinking in the minds of those students. Not only that, they will not respect
such teachers. Therefore decision making needs lot of beforehand thinking.
Decision making is a very important component of
sports and games where competition between individuals or teams is in question.
Winning a game is the ultimate aim. One has to take decision at every step of
the game. Think of tennis, a game played by two or four people. They have to
understand their opponents and their way of playing. Accordingly they have to
make decisions to defeat them in the play. It would be crucial when they need
the last match point. Even in cricket match we anxiously watch the number of
balls required for certain number of runs at the fag end of the match. Tension
in the minds of the bowler and the batsman mounts. Above all in the minds of
the audience who watch the game either in the playground or at home in front of
a TV. If the batsman is careful and strike a six and win, it’s his good
decision making. If he’s not making good decision then the whole team fails.
That’s the importance of decision making.
Politicians are considered to be the good decision
makers either to win an election or to rule a country. They have to solve a
number of problems of the people and neighboring nations. Therefore successful
politicians are excellent decision makers. Medical doctors, especially surgeons
have to pre-plan before putting the patients under knife. They have to discuss
with fellow doctors before deciding the surgery. Their decision making depends
on their medical knowledge and experience in his field. In spite of all careful
decision making any surgeon may go wrong and the patient may expire.
Therefore one thinks of God, before undertaking a
decision, so that the decision is the right one. It is a simple choice out of
many possible choices. So we need someone’s blessings to help us to go ahead.
Let’s hope for the best in decision
making. - NARA
A TRULY HAPPY PERSON
1. Is able to experience a whole range of
emotions. He or she is authentic and does not wear a mask. They don`t always
seem upbeat, or are never, ever down. Also they don’t project their moods and
their feelings onto others, or blame other people if they’re having a bad day.
2. Is able to appreciate the beauty of
others, and is happy for them when successes come their way. They are someone
who’s secure in their own identity - and doesn’t need to criticize, or want
others to fail.
3. Can let offenses go, and doesn’t take
things personally. That’s because they have a healthy, and balanced,
self-esteem.
4. Is concerned when others suffer and will
offer them support. This person’s a true friend and, thus, they truly care for
you.
5. Is not in competition with others in their
life. They compete against themselves, and try to raise their own bar high.
6. Doesn’t magnify the bad or distort
reality. They work on their shortcomings, and they recognize their strengths.
7. Appreciates the small things, and can make
the most of “now”. They’re not tripped up by the past, and they’re not quick to
run ahead. They know that both these matter – but what “today” matters the most.
JUST TO LAUGH
Three blondes
were driving to Disneyland. When they were already close to the destination
they saw a sign “Disneyland Left”. They stopped started to cry and finally
turned around and drove back home.
A priest tells the prayers: We have
one good news and one bad ones. The good thing is that we have money for the
repair of the church. The bad one – the money are still in your pockets.
My father always
told that it is better to give than to get.
-
Was he a monk?
-
No, he’s a boxer.
A judge asks the
culprit: So did you commit the crime in the way which I have just explained?
The culprit : Actually no, but I really like your idea!
Flight Control Center asks the pilot:
-‘Who’s landing here?’
The pilot decides to make a joke.
-‘Guess who’ he asks.
Flight Control Center turns off the lighting of
the landing track and tells ‘Guess where’.
TO QUOTE
Initiative
is doing the right thing without being told. – Victor Hugo
People
don’t care how much you know until they know how much you care. - Zig
Ziglar
The most
effective way to do it is to do it. – Amelis Earhart
The
business that makes nothing but money is a poor business. – Henry
Ford
You will
never know the value of a moment until it becomes a memory. – Blue
Valantine
JUNE 2019
1 June – Global day of Parents
3 June – World Bicycle Day
5 June – World Environment Day
8 June – World Oceans Day
12 June – World Day Against Child Labour
14 June – World Blood Donor Day
21 June – International Day of Yoga
LINES I LIKED
Ø Being
happy is the simplest thing in the world; just do something that completely
occupies your attention.
Ø Being
involved in things makes us feel confident.
Ø Being
isolated from others is bound to lead to unhappiness.
Ø Being
mature is accepting your immaturity.
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